On June 26, 2018, Oklahoma made marijuana legal for medical purposes. [69], Seventeen thousand Cherokees and 2,000 of their black slaves were deported. Name Status Population Census (C) 1980-04-01 Population Census (C) 1990-04-01 Population Census (C) 2000-04-01 Population Census (C) 2010-04-01 Population Estimate (E) 2019-07-01 Area ; Ada: City: 15,902: 15,820: This is lower than the national figure (about 12.5% of U.S. residents were foreign-born). The state has a huge low population density that in many courses with its ranking similar to size and population. [30] Because of its position in the center of the United States, Oklahoma is also among the top states for logistic centers, and a major contributor to weather-related research. [17] This is largely the result of the Trail of Tears. Interior Highlands region, the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains are the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians. [41] The state is home to the Storm Prediction Center, the National Severe Storms Laboratory, and the Warning Decision Training Division, all part of the National Weather Service and in Norman. [126], Oklahoma has been described as "the world's prison capital", with 1,079 of every 100,000 residents imprisoned in 2018, the highest incarceration rate of any state, and by comparison, higher than the incarceration rates of any country in the world. Judges of those two courts, as well as the Court of Civil Appeals are appointed by the Governor upon the recommendation of the state Judicial Nominating Commission, and are subject to a non-partisan retention vote on a six-year rotating schedule. [84] Jim Crow laws had established racial segregation since before the start of the 20th century, but Tulsa's Black residents had created a thriving area. A Cherokee language immersion school in Tahlequah, Oklahoma educates students from pre-school through eighth grade. It was estimated that 16.9% (has decreased to 16.3%, in 2011)[7] of the population were below the poverty line. Spanish is the second-most commonly spoken language in the state, with 141,060 speakers counted in 2000. According to the 2010 United States Census, Oklahoma is the 28th-most populous state with 3,751,616 inhabitants but the 19th-largest by land area spanning 68,594.92 square miles (177,660.0 km2) of land. [150], The Oklahoma Stack Play is a geographic referenced area in the Anadarko Basin. Percentages represent claimed religious beliefs, not necessarily membership in any particular congregation. Airports", "Tulsa International Airport—Airline Information", "Will Rogers World Airports—Airline Information", "Federal matching funds may help bring Amtrak to Tulsa", "Report of the Governor's Commission on Government Performance", "Metro About Jenks population figures ... doubled in size since 2000 census", "Oklahoma Attorney General's Opinions: Question Submitted by: The Honorable Enoch Kelly Haney, Oklahoma State Senate", "Native Americans and the Law: Native Americans Under Current United States Law", "Presidential General Election Results Comparison—Oklahoma", "Registration by Party as of January 15, 2015", "2000–2010 Oklahoma Incorporated Place Populations", "P1 Total Population All Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas (or parts) within Oklahoma", "Oklahoma House approves 'In God We Trust' for state motto", "Islam is all-American for one U.S. Muslim leader", Oklahoma State Guide from the Library of Congress, Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Oklahoma QuickFacts Geographic and Demographic information, Realtime USGS geographic, weather, and geologic information, Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oklahoma&oldid=982684298, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Number of employer establishments: 93,232, This page was last edited on 9 October 2020, at 17:51. In the current Congress, all but one of Oklahoma's entire delegation are Republicans. Cattle trails and cattle ranches developed as cowboys either drove their product north or settled illegally in Indian Territory. [256], More than 12,000 miles (19,000 km) of roads make up the state's major highway skeleton, including state-operated highways, ten turnpikes or major toll roads,[256] and the longest drivable stretch of Route 66 in the nation. After the 1948 election, the state turned firmly Republican. [262][263] In terms of traffic, R. L. Jones Jr. (Riverside) Airport in Tulsa is the state's busiest airport, with 335,826 takeoffs and landings in 2008. [28] Its western and eastern halves, however, are marked by extreme differences in geographical diversity: Eastern Oklahoma touches eight ecological regions and its western half contains three. Mid-summer (July and August) represents a secondary dry season over much of Oklahoma, with long stretches of hot weather with only sporadic thunderstorm activity not uncommon many years. [67], The territory now known as Oklahoma was first a part of the Arkansas Territory from 1819 until 1828. Two inland ports on rivers serve Oklahoma: the Port of Muskogee and the Tulsa Port of Catoosa. [75], Increased presence of white settlers in Indian Territory prompted the United States Government to establish the Dawes Act in 1887, which divided the lands of individual tribes into allotments for individual families, encouraging farming and private land ownership among Native Americans but expropriating land to the federal government.

Both county and municipal governments collect taxes, employ a separate police force, hold elections, and operate emergency response services within their jurisdiction. [195] Ridge Bond, native of McAlester, Oklahoma,[196] starred in the Broadway and International touring productions of Oklahoma!,[197][198][199][200] playing the role of "Curly McClain" in more than 2,600 performances. The Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is the state's only major league sports franchise. With ancient mountain ranges, prairie, mesas, and eastern forests, most of Oklahoma lies in the Great Plains, Cross Timbers, and the U.S. [82] In 1927, Oklahoman businessman Cyrus Avery, known as the "Father of Route 66", began the campaign to create U.S. Route 66. [167], Oklahoma holds eleven public regional universities,[168] including Northeastern State University, the second-oldest institution of higher education west of the Mississippi River,[169] also containing the only College of Optometry in Oklahoma[170] and the largest enrollment of Native American students in the nation by percentage and amount.

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