If you have found a spelling error, please, notify us by selecting that text and pressing Ctrl+Enter. Decius may have been young at that time but he certainly not inexperienced; he was consul for the third time!

What did logistics look like in Roman times? It is conceivable that he took the name when elected consul; a scipio was a staff that signified magisterial rank. [3] Meanwhile, the Samnites raised new troops and raided Roman territories and allies in Campania.

Ancient texts The battle of Sentinum (295 BCE) was the victory of the Romans over the Samnites. Self sacrifice

He simply missed a vital piece of information. The Romans had adopted the organization of their army from the Samnites and placed their manipels (Livius often makes the mistake to write about cohorts, Meanwhile, Rullianus and Mus were following up with their consular forces. for papers, reports, projects, ideas, documentation, surveys, summaries, or thesis.

Quintus Fabius defeated the Samnites at the Battle of Tifernum and Publius Decius defeated a Samnite force from Apulia near Maleventum. Sentinum ended in a hard fought and costly Roman victory. The Etruscans, Umbrians and Senone Gauls pulled out of the war. Livy informs us that deserters from Egnatius’ army brought news of this plan to Rullianus and the consul therefore sent orders to Megellus and Centumalus to leave their positions above Rome and invade the territory of Clusium in Etruria. The Battle of Sentinum was the decisive battle of the Third Samnite War, fought in 295 BC near Sentinum (next to the modern town of Sassoferrato, in the Marche region of Italy), in which the Romans were able to overcome a formidable coalition of Samnites, Etruscans, and Umbrians and Senone Gauls. Quintus Fabius defeated the Samnites at the Battle of Tifernum an… There is a suitable plain immediately to the north of the town. The essedarius (from the Latin word for a Celtic war-chariot, essedum).

Deserters from Clusium informed Quintus Fabius about this plan. Quintus Fabius left Publius Decius’ army to guard Etruria and went to Rome to celebrate a triumph. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The carnage of battle and pursuit claimed, it is said, 25,000 Samnites and Gauls, with another 8,000 taken prisoner; but Roman losses, at 9,000, were also heavy, especially in the wake of yet heavier losses at Camerinum earlier that year. Due to the strength of both sides, the battle of Sentinum was to be the largest battle fought so far in Italian soil. Barbatus then made a rapid march over the Apennines with legio II and established a camp in the vicinity of Camerinum.

His troops ascended the hill and found themselves face-to-face with Samnite and Gallic warriors. The website uses cookies. Fabius faced the Samnites; Publius Decius was opposite the Gauls. The ancient Romans were extremely militant towards the rest of the world they knew. In 297 BC the Romans received news that the Etruscans were considering suing for peace. When the Romans learned the Samnites and the Etruscans were planning to combine their forces and tried and persuaded the Gaul and Umbrians to join them, the Roman senate appointed L. Volumnius Flamma as proconsul ordered the 2 propraetors

In 296 BC Quintus Fabius and Publius Decius were made proconsuls and were given a six-month extension of their military command to carry on the war in Samnium.

But the Gaul had another a card on their sleeve.

The remains of Sentinum have been identified about one kilometer east of modern Sassoferrato, close to a river that was also called Sentinum. Only 12,000 Samnites and Gauls escaped the slaughter in which 8,000 Romans and 25,000 Gauls and Samnites were killed. [7], Livy noted that some writers (whose work is lost) exaggerated the size of the battle, saying that the Umbrians also took part which gave the enemy an infantry of 60,000, a cavalry of 40,000 and 1,000 chariots and claiming that Lucius Volumnius and his two legions also fought in the battle. 26 relations. If all his cavalry had gone from the flank they had to protect, the Samnite cavalry would certainly have attacked that unprotected flank. In such manner as I have expressed in words, so do I devote the legions and auxiliaries of the enemy, together with myself, to the dii Manes and to Earth for the republic of the Quirites, for the army, legions, auxiliaries of the Roman people, the Quirites. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Clearly, not only the Romans of that time but also other Italic peoples relied on infantry and, to varying degrees, on mounted troops. # In the Third Samnite War (298–290 BC), Rome faced an alliance of Etruscans, Umbrians, Samnites and Gauls; and the war would culminate in one of the most decisive battles in Italian history: a battle, in effect, to decide whether or not the whole of Italy would become Roman.

After the battle, 5,000 Samnites made their way back home from Sentinum through the land of the Paeligni. devote himself to the death as his father had done before him. Barbarossa to ‘Berlog’ – Soviet Air Force, Rome Military mid-fourth century to the mid-third century BC, Rommel Recaptures Cyrenaica, January 1942, Russian Weapons, that are currently in service…, A Lesson of History: The Luftwaffe and Barbarossa. Victory

Initially, the female commander did not want to fight, so he withdrew towards the Samnium – probably hoping that he would receive reinforcements in the form of Etruscan and other troops. They now attacked Decius' cavalry with chariots. Events between 293 and 264 BC are obscure, since the relevant parts of Livy’s History of Rome, our principal source, are lost. See more ». Fabius was familiar with the tactics of the Samnites.

Unfortunately, the texts yield no information on what these vehicles looked like or on their numbers.

They took on the war in Etruria with four legions and a large body of allied infantry and cavalry (1,000 Campanian soldiers are mentioned), 40,000 men in total. Livy thought that his going there with such a big force must have been part of a diversionary strategy to force the Samnites to respond to Roman raids in Samnium and limit their troop deployment in Etruria.

Either way the Romans did panic and started to flee.

This is a giant online mental map that serves as a basis for concept diagrams. A magistrate rather than a king, the Roman had no fixed place on the battlefield, no royal bodyguard at whose head he was expected to charge. Livy, The History of Rome, 10.21.1-2, 12-14, Livy, The History of Rome, 10.22.2-5; 22.9; 25.4-12; 26.4,14-15, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Sentinum&oldid=969720353, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from September 2012, All articles needing additional references, Italy articles missing geocoordinate data, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 July 2020, at 01:23.

Nonetheless, Sentinum had secured Roman hegemony in Italy. Many historians doubt if both self sacrifices have really happened. Somehow the fighting spirit returned, Fabius sent a part of his auxiliaries, who he had kept in reserve to the left wing that was now commanded by the pontifex Livius, The Battle of Sentinum (295 BC) was the decisive battle of the Third Samnite War, fought in 295 BC near Sentinum (now next to the town of Sassoferrato, Italy), in which the Romans were able to overcome a formidable coalition of Samnites, Etruscans, Umbrians, and their Gallic allies. This because he sent the Roman cavalry from his wing to attack the Samnites on their flank. The two best military commanders, Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus and Publius Decius Mus, were elected as consuls again (for 295 BC). The Roman attempt to prevent the Samnites marching north to link up with the Gauls was defeated near Camerinium[1] The combined army of 80,000 men far outnumbered the 40,000 men in the Roman one, commanded once again by the consuls Fabius Rullianus and Decius Mus and including an elite force of 1,000 Campanian cavalry. There were also reports that large sums of money were being offered to the Gauls followed by reports of an actual coalition between these four peoples and that there was "a huge army of Gauls." The town became famous because of the battle that was fought in its territory in 295 BCE.

After a further series of defeats, the Samnites finally accepted Roman dominance in 290 BC. Luckily for Barbatus, Egnatius withdrew his troops before they were in turn trapped by the new Roman army. The Romans were routed and Rome was subsequently sacked by the Senones.

Fabius offered more practical help.

A small river, now called the Sanguerone, cuts through the centre of the plain. During the second charge they reached the enemy infantry, but were counter-charged by the Senone chariots and were routed. Post was not sent - check your email addresses!

The story of the father is indeed a little too beautiful; two consuls with the same dream and pontifices to confirm the consequences.

In most cases, the death of the chief led his army to flee, but the death of Decius Mus caused the legionaries turned back and faced the enemies who had just hunted them down, and at that moment paralyzed their consul’s deed.

Meanwhile, Quintus Fabius and the rest of the army took the Samnite camp by storm and cut off the Senones in the rear.

Older men and ex-slaves were mobilized to fill the ranks of new legions, and another two consular armies, 35,000 men in total, were sent into the field before the end of the summer of 295 BC. As to the way in which the vehicles were employed, Livy, in his account of the battle at Sentinum, refers to a sudden attack by Gauls with two types of vehicles (the terms used are essedum and carrus) on the mounted troops on the Roman left wing.

Rullianus Maksymus moved along with his soldiers, slowly remaining in formation. It was the general’s task to feed in these fresh troops as the situation required. Battle of Sentinum Intro When the Romans learned the Samnites and the Etruscans were planning to combine their forces and tried and persuaded the Gaul and Umbrians to join them, the Roman senate appointed L. Volumnius Flamma as proconsul ordered the 2 propraetors CN.

Mus charged into the Gauls anyway.

The Romans sent a small garrison to raid Etruria and Umbria: this had the desired effect of drawing these contingents away to protect their homeland. Livy claims that he had formally handed over his command to a subordinate before this ritual suicide (a gesture which was something of a family tradition, for his father had acted in the same way in 340 BC). Their opponents were Samnites and Gauls, since the Etruscans and the Umbrians had returned to their territories to defend them from another small Roman army.

Livy said that Lucius Volumnius, instead, was holding the front in Samnium and routed a Samnite force near Mount Tifernus. The Romans manage to draw away some of the enemy troops and are left facing the Samnites and the Gauls. Last Sunday Garry, Rick and I met at the Vikings Club in Lanyon for the monthly club meeting and we played a Command and Colors Ancients game (CCA) of the Battle of Sentinum, from the Third Samnite War in 295 BC. The Destruction of Army Group Center, 1944. Learn how your comment data is processed. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account.

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